Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects joints. It is an autoimmune condition, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s tissues. The treatment of RA has evolved significantly, with the goal now being to achieve the lowest possible level of disease activity and, if possible, remission. This approach minimizes joint damage and enhances physical function and quality of life.
One of the recent developments in RA treatment is the T-cell Costimulatory blockade. A prime example of this is Abatacept (Orencia), which has shown promise in treating RA. However, it’s important to note that new onset psoriasis has been observed as a potential side effect of this treatment.
In cases of severe rheumatoid arthritis, surgery may be considered. Procedures like Synovectomy (removing the inflamed lining of the joint) and tendon repair can significantly reduce pain and improve joint flexibility.
The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) has recently published updated guidelines focused solely on the medical treatment of RA. These guidelines include classifications and recommendations for medications such as conventional synthetic DMARDs.
Additionally, ongoing research continues to look for new and better ways to treat RA. Innovations like JAK inhibitors, BTK inhibitors, vagus nerve stimulation, stem cells, and vaccines are some of the novel treatments currently under exploration.
Diagnosing RA can be challenging, especially in its early stages. The process typically involves taking a medical history, performing a physical exam, and ordering laboratory and imaging tests. The ACR’s new 2020 guideline for rheumatoid arthritis treatments reflects the latest developments in the field, including new drugs and reassessed older drugs.
For more information, visit the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center, Mayo Clinic, and the American Academy of Family Physicians.
