Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune and inflammatory disease, primarily affecting the joints and sometimes other organs. The disease often presents with symptoms such as joint stiffness, which is usually worse in the mornings and after periods of inactivity, fatigue, fever, and loss of appetite. Initially, RA tends to affect smaller joints, particularly those in the hands and feet, and can progress to larger joints like the wrists and knees over time.
The diagnosis of RA involves a combination of medical history assessment, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. A rheumatologist, a doctor specialized in treating arthritis, plays a crucial role in making an accurate diagnosis and devising an effective treatment plan.
Treatment aims to reduce pain and stiffness, slow down or halt the progression of the disease, and prevent joint damage. Approaches to managing RA include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgical interventions. Surgeries such as synovectomy (removal of inflamed joint lining) and tendon repair are sometimes necessary to reduce pain and improve joint function.
Occupational therapists also play a vital role in RA management by teaching patients how to protect their joints, minimize pain, perform daily activities, and conserve energy. With ongoing advancements in treatment, many individuals with RA experience significant relief from symptoms and an improved quality of life.
For more detailed information, you can visit the Mayo Clinic, CDC, and the Arthritis Foundation websites.
